GM Tone Map

This page lists, for every one of the 128 General MIDI programs, the data-free fallback voicing NativeSynth uses when no SoundFont covers that program: instrument name, synthesis engine, and voicing notes. The bank behind it — its GS variation tones, drum-kit variants, and SoundFont fallback routing — is on GM and GS Fallback Bank, and the canonical instrument names are also available at runtime from Project.gmInstrumentName(program). Rows marked provisional use one of the acoustic physical models still being calibrated.

Model status — stable: the subtractive, FM, modal, additive, and percussion cores are settled. provisional: the piano, Karplus-Strong, pipe-organ, bowed-string, reed, brass, flute, plucked-string (buzzing-bridge), vocal, and free-reed physical models are still being calibrated. The harpsichord's decay and stretch are regressed against captured references, so it is not marked provisional.

Piano (0-7)

Prog	Instrument	Engine	Notes
0	Acoustic Grand Piano	piano	provisional; shared modal soundboard
1	Bright Acoustic Piano	piano	provisional
2	Electric Grand Piano	piano	provisional (the acoustic waveguide, not FM)
3	Honky-tonk Piano	piano	provisional
4	Electric Piano 1	fm	tine/bell FM
5	Electric Piano 2	fm	shares the EP1 voicing
6	Harpsichord	harpsichord	jack and plectrum; three bank-selected registrations
7	Clavi	fm	bright high-ratio FM

Chromatic Percussion (8-15)

Prog	Instrument	Engine	Notes
8	Celesta	modal	soft felt-struck steel bar
9	Glockenspiel	modal	uniform-bar mode ratios
10	Music Box	modal	twin-tooth beating for tine shimmer
11	Vibraphone	modal	motor tremolo (LFO → amplitude)
12	Marimba	modal	deep-arch bar, wood-tube body
13	Xylophone	modal	short, dry deep-arch bar
14	Tubular Bells	modal	missing-fundamental strike pitch, long ring
15	Dulcimer	karplus-strong	provisional; hammered (struck) string

Organ (16-23)

Prog	Instrument	Engine	Notes
16	Drawbar Organ	additive	9-drawbar Hammond
17	Percussive Organ	additive
18	Rock Organ	additive
19	Church Organ	pipe-organ	provisional; multi-rank plenum
20	Reed Organ	free-reed	provisional; harmonium — mellow plate, soft tongues
21	Accordion	free-reed	provisional; shares the reed-organ voicing
22	Harmonica	free-reed	provisional; small, bright, stiff tongues + hand vibrato
23	Tango Accordion	free-reed	provisional; bandoneon, musette (wet-beating) detune

Guitar (24-31)

Prog	Instrument	Engine	Notes
24	Acoustic Guitar (nylon)	karplus-strong	provisional; softer pluck, no dispersion
25	Acoustic Guitar (steel)	karplus-strong	provisional; steel-string dispersion + sympathetic
26	Electric Guitar (jazz)	karplus-strong	provisional; near-bridge pickup, no body
27	Electric Guitar (clean)	karplus-strong	provisional; shares the jazz voicing
28	Electric Guitar (muted)	karplus-strong	provisional; choked (palm-mute) decay
29	Overdriven Guitar	karplus-strong	provisional; pre-filter drive
30	Distortion Guitar	karplus-strong	provisional; harder drive
31	Guitar Harmonics	karplus-strong	provisional

Bass (32-39)

Prog	Instrument	Engine	Notes
32	Acoustic Bass	karplus-strong	provisional; large resonating body
33	Electric Bass (finger)	karplus-strong	provisional; pickup + two-polarization beat
34	Electric Bass (pick)	karplus-strong	provisional; bright near-bridge attack
35	Fretless Bass	karplus-strong	provisional; rounder, glide-friendly
36	Slap Bass 1	karplus-strong	provisional; thumb slap + fret-slap buzz
37	Slap Bass 2	karplus-strong	provisional; sharper pop
38	Synth Bass 1	subtractive	synth bass by design
39	Synth Bass 2	subtractive	synth bass by design

Strings (40-47)

Prog	Instrument	Engine	Notes
40	Violin	bowed-string	provisional
41	Viola	bowed-string	provisional; darker/slower
42	Cello	bowed-string	provisional
43	Contrabass	bowed-string	provisional; darkest/slowest
44	Tremolo Strings	subtractive	detuned-saw section with an amplitude-tremolo LFO
45	Pizzicato Strings	karplus-strong	provisional; short pluck into a violin-body corpus
46	Orchestral Harp	karplus-strong	provisional; long undamped ring
47	Timpani	percussion	note-tracked kettledrum

Ensemble (48-55)

Prog	Instrument	Engine	Notes
48	String Ensemble 1	subtractive	wide supersaw pad with section vibrato
49	String Ensemble 2	subtractive
50	SynthStrings 1	subtractive
51	SynthStrings 2	subtractive
52	Choir Aahs	vocal	provisional; open /a/ vowel, glottal source + formants
53	Voice Oohs	vocal	provisional; darker closed /u/ vowel
54	Synth Voice	vocal	provisional; brighter, steadier synthetic vowel
55	Orchestra Hit	subtractive	bright detuned-saw stab

Brass (56-63)

Prog	Instrument	Engine	Notes
56	Trumpet	brass	provisional; lip-reed waveguide
57	Trombone	brass	provisional
58	Tuba	brass	provisional; dark, conical
59	Muted Trumpet	brass	provisional; physical mute model
60	French Horn	brass	provisional; rounder, conical
61	Brass Section	fm	FM by design (not the brass waveguide)
62	SynthBrass 1	fm	FM by design
63	SynthBrass 2	fm	FM by design

Reed (64-71)

Prog	Instrument	Engine	Notes
64	Soprano Sax	reed	provisional; conical bore
65	Alto Sax	reed	provisional; conical
66	Tenor Sax	reed	provisional; conical
67	Baritone Sax	reed	provisional; conical, darkest sax
68	Oboe	reed	provisional; conical, bright/nasal
69	English Horn	reed	provisional; conical
70	Bassoon	reed	provisional; conical, low
71	Clarinet	reed	provisional; cylindrical bore (odd harmonics)

Pipe (72-79) — air-jet flute engine

Prog	Instrument	Engine	Notes
72	Piccolo	flute	provisional; brightest
73	Flute	flute	provisional
74	Recorder	flute	provisional
75	Pan Flute	flute	provisional; breathy vortex
76	Blown Bottle	flute	provisional; dark, high damping
77	Shakuhachi	flute	provisional; breathiest
78	Whistle	flute	provisional
79	Ocarina	flute	provisional; closed-vessel

Synth Lead (80-87) — subtractive oscillators

Prog	Instrument	Engine	Notes
80	Lead 1 (square)	subtractive	3-osc detuned lead through a Moog-ladder filter
81	Lead 2 (sawtooth)	subtractive
82	Lead 3 (calliope)	subtractive
83	Lead 4 (chiff)	subtractive
84	Lead 5 (charang)	subtractive
85	Lead 6 (voice)	subtractive	a sung lead: the oscillator runs through the vocal formant body, which is the model — the oscillator only has to be rich enough to feed it
86	Lead 7 (fifths)	subtractive
87	Lead 8 (bass + lead)	subtractive

Synth Pad (88-95) — subtractive oscillators

Prog	Instrument	Engine	Notes
88	Pad 1 (new age)	subtractive	7-osc supersaw pad
89	Pad 2 (warm)	subtractive
90	Pad 3 (polysynth)	subtractive
91	Pad 4 (choir)	subtractive	the same vocal formant body as Lead 6, mixed higher, over the pad's envelope instead of the lead's
92	Pad 5 (bowed)	subtractive
93	Pad 6 (metallic)	subtractive
94	Pad 7 (halo)	subtractive
95	Pad 8 (sweep)	subtractive

Synth Effects (96-103) — all subtractive

Prog	Instrument	Engine	Notes
96	FX 1 (rain)	subtractive	drifting detuned triangles
97	FX 2 (soundtrack)	subtractive
98	FX 3 (crystal)	subtractive
99	FX 4 (atmosphere)	subtractive
100	FX 5 (brightness)	subtractive
101	FX 6 (goblins)	subtractive
102	FX 7 (echoes)	subtractive
103	FX 8 (sci-fi)	subtractive

Ethnic (104-111) — buzzing-bridge plucked + karplus-strong

Prog	Instrument	Engine	Notes
104	Sitar	plucked-string	provisional; jawari bridge buzz, long shimmering ring
105	Banjo	karplus-strong	provisional; shared pluck sketch
106	Shamisen	plucked-string	provisional; sawari buzz, drier and harder than the sitar
107	Koto	plucked-string	provisional; bridge-buzz plucked string
108	Kalimba	karplus-strong	provisional; shared pluck sketch
109	Bag pipe	karplus-strong	provisional; shared pluck sketch (no reed drone yet)
110	Fiddle	karplus-strong	provisional; shared pluck sketch (not bowed yet)
111	Shanai	karplus-strong	provisional; shared pluck sketch (no reed model yet)

Percussive (112-119) — all percussion

Prog	Instrument	Engine	Notes
112	Tinkle Bell	percussion	sparse inharmonic modes
113	Agogo	percussion	two-tone metal bell
114	Steel Drums	percussion	near-harmonic modes
115	Woodblock	percussion	very short, with stick click
116	Taiko Drum	percussion	strong pitch drop + shell boom
117	Melodic Tom	percussion	note-tracked, with shell body
118	Synth Drum	percussion	decaying-sine electronic drum
119	Reverse Cymbal	percussion	long rising swell (simulated reverse)

Sound Effects (120-127) — generic placeholder

GM · FALLBACKIDLE

GM Sound-Effects — the data-free fallback

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Audition the built-in fallback for the General MIDI Sound-Effects family (programs 120–127), rendered with no SoundFont loaded. In the current build these eight programs share one generic noise-based placeholder voice — so they sound alike on purpose; per-effect modeling is future work. Load a SoundFont that supplies real effect samples and those addresses play its sounds instead. Press play to hear the current data-free fallback.

Program

The demo above auditions all eight GM Sound-Effects programs directly — a quick way to hear that they currently share one voice instead of eight distinct effects.

Prog	Instrument	Engine	Notes
120	Guitar Fret Noise	subtractive	generic resonant-noise placeholder (see note below)
121	Breath Noise	subtractive	generic resonant-noise placeholder
122	Seashore	subtractive	generic resonant-noise placeholder
123	Bird Tweet	subtractive	generic resonant-noise placeholder
124	Telephone Ring	subtractive	generic resonant-noise placeholder
125	Helicopter	subtractive	generic resonant-noise placeholder
126	Applause	subtractive	generic resonant-noise placeholder
127	Gunshot	subtractive	generic resonant-noise placeholder

Note on 120-127: in the data-free fallback these eight programs currently share one generic noise-through-a-resonant-bandpass voice, differentiated only by the note played — there is no per-effect procedural model yet. A SoundFont that covers these programs plays its own samples instead.